Lighthouse3d.com

‹³ñôuW(.J¶UÏÌMLO-ÖO)ÍÍ­ÔKÏLSW(ÏL)ɰU7TWÈHÍLÏ(3“ò‹RR‹lÕ ÔíbJÍP< Send me bugs and suggestions, please
VRML Script Tutorial
Full list

VRML Interactive Tutorial

Introduction
VRML File Structure
Drawing: Shape node
Geometry Nodes:
Box
Sphere
Cone
Cylinder
PointSet
IndexedLineSet
IndexedFaceSet
Extrusion
ElevationGrid
Example: Chessboard
Text
FontStyle
Appearance
Material
Textures
Image Texture
Movie Texture
Pixel Texture
Texture Coordinate
Texture Transform
Let there be Light
Directional Light
Point Light
Spot Light
Materials with Colored Lights
Hierarchical Node Structures
Group
Transform
Collision
Anchor
Billboard
Switch
Inlining Files
Defining and Instancing Nodes
Defining Levels of Detail
Events in VRML
Creating Paths between events: ROUTE
Generating Events based on Timers or User Actions
Timers
Touch Sensor
Visibility Sensor
Dragging Sensors
Plane Sensor
Sphere Sensor
Cylinder Sensor
Proximity Sensors
Example: Proximity sensor
Interpolators
Color
Coordinate
Normal
Orientation
Position
Scalar
Example
Let the Music Play
Sound
AudioClip
Bindable Nodes
Who Am I: NavigationInfo
Where Am I: ViewPoint
Adding Realism to the world
Background
Fog
Information about your world
WorldInfo
Definition for Auxiliary Nodes
Coordinate
Color
Normal

‹ì}{—Û6²çßö9û`yÆ–‘Í—žíî¬Ó±3¹cO¼n'¹{¯EBjÚ”È!©~¤§÷ìwØo¸Ÿd«�%H"©Î½'»ö£[ … …ªÂƒÐóGßÿtöþ¿¿}I.²yxúð9þ"¡»˜�´èBûù¼…iÔõO>x>§™K¼ 7IivÒúùý+mØÂô,ÈBzúÖ�Q²ˆ22�– Ÿ‹¢YuÍæî $Ÿ#(J·Ü0£ÉÂÍh‹d71 rã8 <7 ¢ÅQ’¦ß\ÏCÈÂ&Ÿ´ÖeAž$î?—Ñ1yE©ßâu·.²,NÇA¸Vàh „G­?ÃY4ŸƒÓê`£düxà†?=Þ’¯iÉl26-«kt-ËdØFA̹\ºI{ ‡/Cý vž»¸tSMÕcß÷9‰ëÏAå² :§98ÃxwK6ÇftMËéšÃþ6*ßM¾ÐD3 dן¸æ^‚±1èš}Cïí)a1Ö=w8ØK˜³w»Ä—«;·ÅÚ4ò–騂¡ú_ç 9—´‘$¡i.Ñ`�Í‘åÇAçVêÜ­lL½ŒîpÒ�¢1Ò&Ë,‹·Þ2IAÌqÖ‚&wŒÑ/ ƒ@áo4fË´YâÞHÆ[t»ž0~L)Ýà€í®ÌÀ6ñï.¼d¥úJ¤ ÎÁeà%ÿíݸÐ[‘HcO“pI‘�0iP%ÔcbnRPµ¡?}:ë‚&øÆÐ�ßý‘MíŽ\k¼Lât"Y¦MÙÛµ(°w–9��žñ×îcwbúSZªêÂýÅqµhZÏÔu=wØ}컾A½ït9ñ—0¾£0¸l,¦©;u©Ù}ܸý�YâïfÑ——PwÞ˜½ïF.ö†ãöF%ö T(t�±Û¶1êƒllÓó½i‰ù<ð¹Â6Ò˰‡ k8p¦¹ØùÇ ‚J †5°EG­i‹(™»áØìÇ×Ç[‰.–3:vК0ˆ �-!P\QÜŸÆàÕ8‹$Õ4–Þ·z9 ¤+œÂvàÎÖg�¥ƒŒ^gÜ7kE[v»Jó” Â�N3™ Ÿ7ˆìK™Š%p²i�1ÒÛ«‹ £Z»/¢«Ä�Wþî1 àƒßÝ Œ}áSê¡¿ÍC ŒîtV…h€‚~Œ!⿸Ó�ý<Õ>/Ó,˜0ðtþx£‰˜~< )DE™›d›Ïõ"¹dÖÉy«•@k6éYÓµ Í®Àžn”+åÞé©Ç¬. ntTL€"Ô3޽0ˆµØ… bWšµÁºuŽE8g‚Š‹0MÃÏXüi!àEàûtqœÇWÆq¥ó’î„9LzÌã>,uUiØEc®�RO)��™Uø* ZV`±÷ŽEŽã8Çy¯²hè¸4ºòÖ`°}Œý8ç|ÌÂ5‘ÃqÍ1!ŸX6ïP2Uô©%læÂ«Î¢˜±áÍd¬‡ Ч×cÓÀ?wlÆ:¾º  m3åqÑDðˆs 2 üR‰,ãÙ‰ ƒêxÁ�EILªXš)×zyžX‘ ðë,DjE(úu,­by&ê�M$·V²¶äÖÊ7‘Ü‹’[ã°Sr0éûà…nš>ã3M\°€¢ò@À• 1F ã¯w¢à4˜-Ú¹£æf8s+ërQ•î ð¾Ütäp8�ŠÁÝ­è¢éŒËʹl’rl]˜+wòœâ.|Æ ¸}œOC[î NÎïnN·Mï¶Í™¸!„âsÕÔüèÙ#òþ"HÉ4À2)a³ÿ]P0,ÔGÆzQ1Ÿ.|ú„«)yL=�N�1¼elï8×Mn`2‚?`�¤Y;·Z*S–›=˜l{m½ßǹø7b—aI¦nÛv‘&ÛVÝäQI�[ö铘êÈ3NRjˆ Êú¼ü•wá…KŸ¦G Ä£’�S:UßÑ%³0šà⚢/T1ž›Æ"h �¦¥ÿ\º óx•£ÙcâÙ;‰lÍûÈÙCd!‘µ“ÈÂê¬=Õ™}m¸ûG£�d# “Ñ‘Ù_#3ýIý7&�™73Ô4ùÌ-à“« w'“¡·P�³¨ h¦ì�š&v!d‹Aë‘n0ôÝ�šŽOê�7µ`†¦¦ — %Ñ2Ÿ‚º-fC´­YkeÜùWÅO½Éö"b’Ïn�|0ñ½Ioú9ŸÄîJ1Mâ!õÍ©·‹·LÍçÅ»¨ù4HG“žI·õ6ŒüÄM³1áv<îì&GÅ.Ь}Eì�"ö–"7¥91~ÞA¶Ÿv‘Ú%Òm•»Æó9)Z'-f¥«ÅH.ý-3Ôd6i÷»¦3èZÖ CŒ¿²³×ë´ղœA¾½ÞuÝ\U,+àŽÊq1Ò²Œ®94Šê�®e »¦mì­]1˜Á–�¹†Õ³B¯»a� Lƒ¥ÔÁ+[É�™‘�5õä5ƒ®Ó‡ûj^_Pƒ:7­æ®ªíaWü_u}‚pºæ¨·¯z/ŠB¬óÊM ÜDûŸ,ç;+8P—ƒý-©šÙ5-ìñQ‡X²°C@Nž@‡kE¿è#“Énø‡ETà »ƒ½â1�”¸ü* ì(ËèC úz@ÙôÎ^5áµ±PÊ]^ï© šÍ2û=I�®Óƒ¶HÈ*)ݾUYAýeú¥Bí®iZ«&ŽFh Ì‘µª¹æaˆƒt_Õ̹DÝcX½«{Uï Ø%Sªû»?Å0÷ÕLCÔGˆç )Mw×nXLcLK¦Í:Û´öªQ¾F¸»Ž.HÕü°x&èRoKïI céÜ Cºì]‹‚8«ÁÁg»¨Ø2 „‚;ׯs2\c\#Ãňç5Ü$!†î8 �o#±I°ƒÄsG~óõÞŠ>PXºµ‹d$¶nw� �¤§} ›áhÚÂÍ–‰ Ý¢cÿa D #]pVDüÓ7¼~^Ú§4†–X¸ìƒ?z†¢´³­4üNâUͪ²[kŽ–j¥_.®Ùœx$ÿÑéDÜ 3ÞÛ8{I�n¢Z•º“&С{@4\rìÜÎÜfw*šYøešIäß�5.ÅJ+Á§ã»õl¶¸ÉÖ þ<æË¿l¡sLø:éF!rJpWþY—øÁe±LAŒMˆq…ŸJÌ0a;³¼ÉÅÄâ½å|‘ªådÉRÚQD›ºH¥¸¾=ÌU×eêV¯VY©Ò¼,_�Äé]iÏŽl.ýËSÁ޼‡Îy¬2Ù­SpæëûÕØ1Z�b&Y‘OA¯àU„‰yô ^êX´_eÙýuð »Q¬¨ª†õIEEîkŶʺ6çõbÛ4b5ÿª¡E¡­xë²]+µ•o¾�]ƒ)/¢àÈÇüþs÷` ©¤²}8¤’ýVãîÕlÉ!5Ô·0‡Ôv�ݹNJ+[£ƒêl`£ïÊ:–ë`Õ¬cÏoZe+wxUûlŸ´{+?Ü‹ÍkÀ¼º­kÀ¼‚�kÀµ¢mkÀ¹�MkPËa¶ìð «Û°&u5±]�»ª–ÍjªjµlUã¦T·Q�«Øj›öl ì;ئ¨·ò¦C=Tl©JUÇã¶�„ÃÖ©©²­’wîž‚½JÇöïC¦gûù«|¨j{â JŽÊx`}cá j7Ùm­3ß^¸‡úrV»t7îGÝ�Ó6;ÏöªfÅFQGy§à zʬuU=O¼³–œ‰‚?Û+Pž½Up\ßcPáeÛ ò‚*ÝÁ½… Y9¿ëƯU<×N m;æS:$½—ö”S^Pš=åç„Ä,΂�ïÛí|Íì*ÖÄyÛ#~é(g„ I�@»hÆÏ-ÍÝ`‘ŸVú,剭÷uó)açÜNžB¿>]{Km Séð.uoÎŒÊ'ä´Õ9�;÷VÎÈ,@òúq,àK¬ºhÀ¶³÷ôˆÛ%zÊæ#àuðØ¦¸:?òyÊl�ŽÐîe0cüÉf�ì,Ú�;¾ÀSÆÀ“Æ®——ôvK“VU¢8âOŸ‚Å‚…dì}:šÜJ'-<;(Ž4³”ùYH–�¬NG/g^[ìÏqé\ËãÞ 7èr¢=~<±à/GbgSO ü{\œAy<L‡ÓÑqqÒduJœ'ylÒ� ä·Š ä•À a¨ ìŸTWbcí¨5nK¡ºµoeeïªßÞZ¨výk¬XmÖÌ�mV­mKq•Œó­ ®S›’…J¦ù�'q­úÖXpÕVÔW¡Mâªõ,t<Ú=qU¯ºõmü+�@ÅW îíÖn‘ŠÛ ü ùÌ ^°öÊ�›¿Ü‚–žJÜ7�«Å§©—1{}eë˜ÑçÑ$W1§‹%Ï�@7Vcš€ýÅÔ,šÍBÚ­L)lquzn²Y �%Šò|ò˜5gåtžîo p}óܰ 1®Šw7ÜÊ2„»C*V$ ƒ0`^n“Fá¶lð‹xRëc·"��@féEì´¿gY.o^G¥¾IÉ–’[¤Q{˜2ÓGc—…ÀE(Õâ >Õ\¼€�C%U~ÐQwQŒoÅp$ÑBÊEâãŽÒx,I2F8‰ñ~ST ®·*h‰j‡Ëàž€Sãu$;ˆ*ú7bãÍö#�‚{æ¯a¹â ½uzfëƒÅ4ÚK*«0N ``ÈIÔ'\K[&ë)1 Q|Õp-¹jåJÖK/–¸È‰X?Óš”-lé‘=�ViY¸¤Õ›McUÑ`Ek¶"}ÕxEæšUØ„"=‡ÈÊ…"¹hvÚÔú*àb>É^ò’qñôµ¾cËëݾœÌL,榮znÊœšrsÈ�µ`p3šìášãng+Z‘¯À¬ÈÉ‘‹¬ɵ‰~Ø^áf�æ*Ô#¯�gæ�ÕÅ–»©ZeTS È·ö‘=u gp|çêÅb áâ0Äö[BNˆ6Ù_Ý!�õÉ‚šQÑOÊÌ-o3—ëêoÖ•¯?Ìbáç!’öÝP›Ì”&t“�-¯¨Çæ&1¶ ÄìY9üæðÐ]—¢‹)ƒþßÃüƒ>i�UzÕ{Ã1²@K›Ð0ºWQ‹pËÒ´Ej²‹G.îjoÎå¶xß7Äq[vÖ[øBdIö.WålQ²Rð‘—b:ÇêÌø›Æc�ƒGbÙ’ðÛ ;!�ÂEE>Úx%‹ :DY`º Ã[yMcX¹ZðWF ã¯ä2Ä7u¥7�7óîô$ … hlõæ"}ˆ³‰î'QìGW M 勦²ªE»8—=Áî–ZPÝrž| �3Ý®òÿ±‘iåðs-„MQêS§¹ªÙ�•T”¼óÕ—²4mYY§•K•Áì+ÄÃO&¾"t••¿TPÁKŒ‡­üËQîf“ï¥ÑòU„\±ñÐðµÕ÷¿cøöÅðUéW¡M%ê,Y¤»£gäåÂ'žë]PŸœ�Ÿ“gGx|]\²À[rËØÆ_Å!~vù�"OÖy>‰Ãé:*‹  Y]g–¯›‰‘@,l1‘?æWhqèzô" A›;·å ITSà.F šÄsc9‹wh å_etxŽX=ëH–î”1®¼§pkÀâ™Ð¤õµQm^Y§t—_ô�/ñQ0ïJ4üÑîëlÄž¢²y»V* °ìm”ÕË'ìÝ“]<ËfŠôƒ„ß&aÚÕñÚ�Fuxs¦ÂÚÔè7¢¿ e÷wáOÃÈÍØè 5xñ«€LFãúÖê¶]Èò• Û·Vã$HçXà�ØUeÌ‹-US7tcsKuui^­ú•%³£J·‰ Ïi´`÷ˆJÜ^úAöó»ÕW›ú¥«Mß�_©&(“Äž_Äß‹Öú�²BQ"]*û+ôÝ[” éë#ݬT溟ü=ÈÈä†üÀ®’%¦n,ÝÀâþ<çÛ ÄÅ[%Išx+à>¸¾%î …|_´šµ€ç}†nòÓÉ 'Ò?§ßz!‹8ñ\-^N´‘i�cØ7Mk`š½~ë¿<Äj‰—Di�í Q0*7sOë4�:t "Ó½Uø‘W¨-ù.\Â�èšœ³ÍôgG+=¼°}Ðå ¹]%âŸÍcÆ�©=µ¦þñ�¸ Õ„È>Å[wÈãIŸšÓ�’Ž{WÒ[[æ¨ÿÊ>F°ï/Ôl•´„ÿw—âmTkìó7Õø,C]·¸†8¥óÚ¶-åÜ­>–„zæ²}'•4A�š'²×ÊŽp\‰Ka'à·`€Îï�­· '�áF ˜Á…)à"�F P,Ѿ{0>V à§L }ÈÞ?ÝhpnÅò'~©ôÃçì}B¶îÒ¢I%Žá�+¼(vBÙírq~á’b¿ó§d§H)~!+ãÌ=£*¦¾€9qã)&@lÝ"8{á'�)ÄMs—™³_é/»æT©ÅoÁvóVlÞµFÒ/A¬¡MËíÓca% Ûu$‹rëÑ:]Kx~äž>xð\ÌšóšV[£d›j¡hÍa�„-â&�«…îm+Z¨ÙÓØ·c”[ Püà2ÇQòܤ<]o1êyé\‹ÈŠ8Ï_mÛòJcèÀܱyyx[ß>)šCÁÍ»È]�î(ÎaæG€÷ôÁs õdTRø¶#2ßE wÃFHÞóþˆøêñÝÌÅZ…ÔVõ· \«ÈY°•Axî¹Ë¶(K‘I¯c<|S7LEuÏ!ò[ä g± ‚?´|å½Cz9#xá:ý“^YÖ3-ü/8óË OZY²$àd)ïÑ7W6S(Ë0Œ#`Õ"ü¦ö–Iç0,˜ ã§ÏñêAßdÔ÷ Í´u«×#¦¡œžf9Äràç…Ów<‘e@’È',?ÕŠ'^ào–ãåŒ HÒ nðï÷¹A̾ñÿZU,–Baÿ§tÞBEkDø/o¤Û[ßàÖ{ý‘x°m}äXÄxmõúIJ >ê�B³ÇJiì·½¿0á�ŒŽÈt�Åi^[Ãü6 TÃÙÛDÔâí-¬IyšÈãeô¼ŠPŒ‰€¿¿8oŽ&µ3§3´? â2ÕpôÑÀôö—–UáGûiiÌoú¬Öéú‚ "7HèéŽÀ q³±Ã<¦2ãÁ1·ˆ&L¶‚o¹­Úç�Ðgý£`ñ’ßú]Á9IДJ6º÷hY¿ÚÖ¯¶õ«mýÿÚ¶JqàšQ-™ÕE˜Œ¦²l_Öl¬Ú–¡l©H:uð2 ò\\-ø„’°M ¶3c�2U  ÝI´ÌŽZ§/ð7ÌÏ�€­÷ìbo:D½ TµÚl™E0vª~ŸæbŒ'1p£Lx)VícµN·[`&œW*ëkÛÆ<€m£§�L&£�n {ž�W7õûš©›¶M}h‚¡Ñ‡ð¹¯÷L絉j9²žÞ�Ú›ú€ÀÍÑ-H- I{üsªqŒÏ`ü@×ûºÑûfØÀhıÿœ²j+vNŠ,Æ­/WšŽnö-�ý²=Î¥?ÐFI¤zyû@¶ á픇¦iê6ÔÁÄo�–j`MÞ¬!ÝÊ™!%+¤(8Â¥»Ÿ(£Íù/˜-®ÝÓ\¥Ÿî =gØ»·ñ0w¿à~O4…‘ñ†}&Ñ”}Ý–m!_GÈòyÐtˆ  ønP‘GSÕ°(¾�î]A¶reà„—øÕwUüšÕÜßHž…i¨å�û‡×ç¯Iîì ÈgQB¿ë¯ÃúO9¬­¾i:0â ¦¸ðkÛ[ÇÈ[ABÚ?ÅtñÃkè «ÈIÐÞNåøÕê•#äm¸ñ›õ(ÿ^šl…þ £"猪¾þÁr…)F€çH5Üë�O›íòÍIÉ AZ©ÝsŒC‘fj C¾ë» ã{‰¨†­á¡èf4šS<þ³§§tuûÚ¶ \ãNŒ½vçqÈœe%°ä¥(Pµm9‡¢ÆÃ§4 ~çgcÜ…¯±oó‹£=ªðN.Ǿ×äG¹\ í°–ü4qgì‹ ·hÇÿù_ÿ›¼4õ­€Ó;_J³e¼U’Âvž#Q X½ƒÅ†ß�—alçîVg‚’¸õÅwøÀb8Á‚jqÍw^æ[NZçð`cϺ9ö[A²~ÎÇzõ¡><|¨gI´œà‘¦(bÝž]ð›a4ÛnñËeÆ ÁHg…j€·.~¡ÝQïIg‚†ü\} ÙÎààñÍ6�q7e»­ÿHÈ{$©ŽlÐ;Øo¦0‡¡â�6˜öérÁŽúmÇy^`6ýU^ 2jÇ™£^N@í@ßvô|ESc�›£ƒõ0šÏ— qPL“ŽÊíµ¡rAòbU�œœÖ¶ª½ÁÁ q³, &K0¬—8�ìŠT^ä´ä—œ¶Æ3óAnx:ªÒŸ9e#œ£ƒƒè';(½äwŒ¬†56U,¸Ë#Ô’.oEËâ:‹�R‘êFÁ¬ìà47cs/½Úe-³`om f<�.…ÐZ�¦Ë`Kq3áÄ5ÐöÖÚÐY¨¥_hH³Š Õœ®ÆÃCü ˜vFÚU”„þV|Cò+ÒTÇfYk&¿s_Üw†Tµã>Ç÷1B‹¶B{-j ìä‹÷Ü�ß5¸#xZ‘r¬)ÁëZIJÎ�ÕaÃ4ÿþak€E QAдuZÑû„ÏZ×tû*ù–¼ÅB5ÐÆØ}Jó‰Îêèã`ãŸÆQ¶ÛyARYop°ÜðÌÙ2ÁƒÚQâ ˆô·C|ÏiÁl´Õ±öíƒg.+Nø®‚ì‚ïï>´8õCjò#£®±~z+”øäE Ý<‰…v·˜T¾Hšm“õîïøÃnZûd¦n�¿n�}ÝûSn�™Ã¦SeyDädìz TW#ÅŽØO"­úÑ­QS/#c1GœD0¿I#\zÑÄÛ<©úŠ‚Ñt!#*âeLÅÊ{Tý¦Á¹Œ*Ÿß°åY˜xkHÀøJ,$´vÕA5ŽÈePªÅ÷–ÙMØL«¥öCÕÏdTå~“æYåþ+|jí¥uó>ús÷âúÆ2ú{±ŒþºÎ2ºÕtù§ÔÉ¥…ôFKæ£{ÁQZHÍÇ(S{ŒóÊË¥béAËWJkÄ¢Æ}è j²ùR£cÞ‡Õ ¸‡,Õ:��ȸV»!l±N·ÚaksM6ÝH*Y”í»"‡ï4žœ—\»›Üà•…÷ Ok"µÆI%©mkhznÁé߇Œ¤%A°´¹S—I°¨çÙ�þ½xv¶¸rêlݯ¦?wúMªJáX6‚J;S¯xBm4�—J2›d|)ò}q µŸ&؆WîR¶J¿†I>=†uÖ‡÷¶(ùò"YB cod”÷á…Ô² öK³ÒÑ}ôº´ ^{Á»×ø¨bÉ3n®º¢œëªÕeÓk|Hq²mÐj`³ïcš»�­´T½�°Ášt¯ñþTi‰`µ*]B(-D“·õ±ÝKL†kÒ h¸}²ûi€±ƒ&–¦KÈןk ¹�>„ì ®òä+åù‚Ÿ�`V±0þMq¤°:Æ{‰ÃæË0 $�½aϵåÕ¿½ÂYî&A04Ù¦<.wãÔö,�o¾_×Àtö‚ãÉO´›ïÿ�“É�õ¶Ù{ýûè¹|Cà€Uÿ¾aÜã²ÿ2+¯ùÿüþëzÿ×õþ?÷z÷6ä¡ÀWñFB/-Ö¿c�•-Fß<F°² 0YÌnÈ Õ¡4ÛÝ”¡€ˆÝ$_×¼C]±%Y¯»pctDos"vH˜±åY—¢ê�›Ed2dwÌsÁ½È?Wà4Z �|¡7“ÈMð¼ÒßÅÇÊ՚͸UÕç 6Ú<ºdkûün@Ö�â8U/_É“7Œ–õã™;§‰[ùÁ‚sýKwáQ_+š0¥.7l}Sd’ô+‘YâÁC³ªpù,ª‚|ëL«ͶUdüЋðÚæH›º‰ˆÚÎ …œGä•[}mhÐ콉u0x9&0Þàçêš�'’°Êµx™±�›/ÀÅïÝ�Q@†²a€Ô�V£×šíšìè5±Tî¸:Š4l¶7Rr Q ®CÀ”Muá‰àý+ÕGãÐ8ØÔç÷`1g½œÔ`ÞƒùÁô†ïœ"¦3" ¼¿�¦2œÃåqåÆ1¢)„"êJƺ—±]VYµÎÖPÚfïÉ &A6wcöݼ(�ïØ#y…�Õa8U²¹T‰æ—’9’,¶7%PnÆÖÞâ$úL‹�2Yhl«ì§‚Ï ä”5äÙhî_Rû,‰¾Ð¢[ÏÙcÝnmö¢‚ cš€sàçiS 3_ŸŸ��4¶ÈvÎÒªjöžç.=S©Y -;,­a³WúÖE¸:ÒÍ¿N‚ÃD÷(|bº¾zº:éÏ ð —®±†^6{e¥¼Žtð²³90­{[wÆÕ_mš,Ól9×¼eòMÙ_ ™¼âÉäŒ']…þº ý§\…6‡MÆ­rdl¾ûGlƒ8M @NLµ<2�‡+³vƒãO{ÔÌA“­JŒâò�ÀÃWò“Èõ.4z�%ø%žbѼ›¸O 'Å—ð©tt8/ÂVyÞ²"5šÓä¼CÕæ°mñynw·ãÇm�4­«6 £)ë vN‚Ï.Óø‚&û:å=/Ç_èãsÍs^®FÚœU¨Û°It]µ-ß!iøÿýÂà‹7X+¶ Îb£9è5˜$Um„˜íÆ/du ß—ü½0ˆ5þp{ ÕÐò« îßR5™ÄWnPÙTi>ÍÜ Ü×¢²Í"ßóB5šÔdº¤lRâú0ýØb·pΉùûìTà÷åwç#»özúÉþKøo öÆÎ®É©Ò:r_y·=R¯íÎ]S_æ;Ufm¼ÖQ™¡ù ղؼ‘6YÍRBNÁ5i‹(¯ÇÄQš“�jQœsq´ƒ­ùÒñ…AG~’éê4ྴ}ºLp_´—¸yr _ xÖ½©„|Kõ»ï¢vMn‡+^8 ù.ˆ|ÈN¼Éö6ðØýÙÅq»ê/ß59ŠÎ}b[“å„ò)šä+WÒ«U&ùiRo•Êî7¹�LÈÉÍ¢9Är^´Ä›�$D/XŒTžQãz4«9Ð^Pî.ir³BòÉÃÄê:m[£{üF‚ì‚_»¿¿®Š}]ûs®Š9Mv©¸î_‚AŠð{h³ì‚]u€Ïä5{®1(í泄€}³/®üûK�½€Ï¸°�Ïu€4˜Sr Áb�/q¾�²õ7¹×¸$ˆÕ�€Uw¬¶þk i²ÅÍ‘°+90ŒJÜ›”½Øµàû,ïโ&¯[rl¶ŽGŸðw� âI^#4UL-øUÝiÑÐh�Ï%ø¥‚iíž6ÖID•A¸P%®÷"¯)²QƒÅ#ŽÌs³9ĆZÍAn¨18hEâ»hÓ/LÜ ÖøâÃ1tø—ï�ç¯D…Á$åWºÜñRÔ3ò¿ºÿ¯îÿOù]ýêËá2Í¿_59»øÞÈH\µÿrž·ŒùÕãb$ß½ðšª>·0«ŸõQ4b2xx(m4Ì« ÆQe¦€¥ÍBvYÍšhÅ”³þà~Í®¯ÙÒ1múqU[TãàFõ×/­ ¹�_G³mø «¶ˆÍÑÁß0§À:çXq^· ,æh¿Úþ¯¶ÿO9õUÿò9õ0ÁxÑ‹›‡•ù¸À{^^ÔŒ'GÕoàÛ�&�©LW¨ˆÎåŒfK�–5<ôÈ•yÌÍ LÓ¦AH·Y‘ýÕè|5:j£cè�8"Ù�’Ñ‘†F»€*o¼ï´nwdP÷`zlcTy‘L�,îÇÛZÊá$dð º"›Ç>øD¶F?yn�X¸ú=jøåVøòDã�HÜŠ_&¨oöj\:¡nFºL¦ ½\o&ãy�h MºŒÂe)°?‡ÜwôRnÎ9/€_öú®(P/ UûQÑq ÖFCŠä¢;ĵXÛ:c•]oÒ7êU^·VÍG4tŽaäúlAçüÙkò}ž a¨>@G½Coñð�Š˜ßopö9Ï–ÓéW7ÿÕÍÿוÌþ oÃ�¿�R\qÉ_=÷[~_ÇÇŸ1 6�ê‘Ä–‘ VmøË¯µÒz"ouHÂÖmò ßÑ£¦Æ%µvåX} Ht¨ì%üÿ¾¶3(]j¾º3í5§$00Ùw…�W>ãÆ¡tÝyÝ+ÕÌ~õMª--€°!JZÛçQrÊ¿ÿ*…<| $§ ö÷<6Nùwž¼` þAõå�ò«(ùR|A ûê“b½X»º†äeç‹~åt&û¡00úõßɯŒ®º”{våXl…#1-»p3¼—å‹6Ã^æÀ9f¶w??Z¸ŠÄ Šá9~õ…Ô¼…)´ :$€Ñ�Ó ì›óOSJý |.Šç»^ž—Í óF[®Ld�w¦®àš€9Inñó9TZâ‹ œŽ}â�—ø‹4À×EaÔz<|ˆò¦æ4PÌxZŽÿÂ,çfAÅ vo �t*�ãÎ5à(N‘÷¨»(⹋'IúÏetœ‘ %S¼”HñšÌ,äR~¸Öp^ÍJLEEh7yããÓ3FÑ—”„ÁJQvÁ†¶›òZ@€$ÈŽø „NÞ¸7€÷ÚRê&Òûü(>}ÎnÏŸSÐE�Ø€"Žâtx¿0|åe� #ºç¡;¡\åäˆ+@0ÓesEÞ”sVÞM6ÞK‹x èobšCØ@Ð4-a6|…Àð¤%x=Áëȃø¸E.Ýp ZdáΑS‹°ž+(±V†÷(ü|²Ì²h±VYºœÌƒLÄ€Œ4g±+¦L Šõ Ê?0¨œxÄb‰í¤—tù> /ˆ×Ó0ø´Œ!q†ž6ê6Æd`­ fßvØGøŸòG"óÿÚ*)Ï­QŸ±p†„3ýý��ŸÎ 2²uÓêå¿X*1Rü)’ð#ü‡Ð×êdžú ÏJô ‚t œs @¶Fºa9!uúЂðÐvtÃz#V/üŒðgø9zoÐÓ€ºa²>ŽE6F¤,›Ój"i_Ûö@·ì!±†>ÎlÂCBíÑF{}!ìÄ ¿Eð#Ì,ˆ¢�ªø‘«|ÀÅ4�Y\ÿ’íEã%çÉ–úÆ'³ˆ�ÙÄMH�j »PX$pXN:}¨²„4ž»øÄ°¯ÎÕ¬V¹j"޼¹¾Ï# LüÄhQOÑž@c›S‰[æÎ>ya´ô5»Ç‚¸^XkÍçøô½;#gH–Ô:•Û¥óÂÕN*¹³#Û/�£“Xi8Xø/ñƒÓ�âs�ÿÁ¥;³EÒì‡Þ}’ý�ŽÉ0ÎŽËÆÆÕñ<Ò6™…ï´NKé|^¾ F.Jâ €’îG?4è-ú‘>8}g0lËm´E®—´-Ö”Ú"§×n Ìß+L0›Í°«u ^‹$~‘Rmq½å>¼–JêŽ ®9Ðû}s40‡¶1öR•ü¡$sévÍZMÈÍ ®xľfØ*Õï5S©â²öHu[#fhûš1PõF_Ù–Îð;6ë”MUb5’v¯À¿šÖ> Ù:û‘;=òA“øŽW)‹^$ÕÄîU°9 ÐÃ&â>“%}Vh´LRZÁDš–©Y5à±&`ˆ,–,JÏVAVzÓ}ÊÁj”„%Ô†=…8õù75T2Цa©Ú ô©›Î(¯�äJni#¯vc.ƒ°‚9T©»©t¦ûôý{zùãkYÛYB]؉{�­0RmU`ªýêäy¥2ø<­&þÕêÑ>ü}e(©t¨ûðçËS2~yɪ~v7 ]ÌØ1ýýÆRå’L¥7ÝÔ~võàKV•¤÷Rjè©fU�ü@…º‘'euÊÆ’%Ôξ:mo©Ôwµ+…™«c �ž10kS_ØAæ¨ó¯i«ºŠ’;Jó¢v§0'7{ÎÈ⪮� >�0×WîJŽT5.­FŽô‡·?˺�50“ª2G*�¶*ÎKƒ·X‰4yBM¨ŸÓ*s!ÓRùK«ÑôßÎú‡,^|® ú X¯Š«¢XKé%÷¡þ;«RÆÍSj"/$ïUf•�¶ÔNÒÔóð æŸæpV#i;n–Pö�[aΠT’FsÍ7P¡,l|®‹™íòUÐmå TO-ûº=4¬¡Ù¦£�5ßXl›+ΓjBÇí#¯‚o±UfÚRzÄ}f·¥Î^ˆš§4@>«€\å-¥S´,%ÖkÏ*�ý¡X­Êür¤�j‡¸g@ ô/ÏåAY$ÖlB|qÿng¯ÀU °•îqߤMÔ)OÛDR]ðALÃJk_¥è¶ÒQî³,y¥²uÉÓjã¿v+,YŽ ¼ÒwîÓ�·X£¬7,¡.l~ì¹òžÊ ÛêYæ>¥•–´F¤ÕÇ?KÜù÷Ú+LFª[íKmݱ¬žÝ³LÓêo†\Rͤݗۑ'×lJB]~uJ…XFÙêyçž¾(j•;£H¬Ýq•x•UeWTœw®î,_…¼EZMÐüt³é(Ç®ÚÃtðÜ~Q' _iŽH«‹>¦UL¾i¨"[ée÷YM|=¢4af 5q‹ƒd•&û¦Ò_©,¯¶—å‰u›�ß’P¥ ÕB©ÓÈçõÊC¶H¬ÙˆË*릡R}G½Ì»Çn²³û’ÁÄçÚ˜§@U‹N£iê/ç¯^Ë �ϵ1Ç0�T±°Óh)÷—󷥕\|®�™Û$ö^Ë~Q�RGé[÷Ë›¿e‚ï ”Ä^$×lÉ�T™‰˜Êm^µ_ݳÏû+�à´DÚãe)ü¬;’ŸµxP<çÇFÊÏ7ŽáM£(˹=ç¥|¼l`ÍdCr‹0(üpV.±Ô» s—�Súõí+Η#ö`F´í ^QËÚ‰Bqînýì °ºá'VòÓ*ÖN˜­Ó'øù˜X†Õçß«-õ¥8ŽCžL–axL¾[¡8_º¡ 3 xÜŒâ[)–•Oã-“o8æo‘û¥t’R>SÉE,�Ä|ø<õ’ .Nº�ÿ[†lÿ�j¥ÐÄ[|½aJ3ï¢5þpÛâﯵÆ-?ò–xãg«ÛºÂ[†ZãÛ–»ð6àÓÜ…2ÀbÜ:zÖºëÞ¶Q†DåÌ­£«X{¦Ç1pÂÏ®!'áOââÑ2æ¯L­§¯?Çár}»‘ž�vÀ”¸$LNôì·ß¾mëßtZï$”ü¾Æ(‘šá~Hhø?O~’i†ÑÕo­�­=eôE¤åòëù‰¸Pöã]·EÝMÈmJ“Kè€KÚ‚\:¼NøSî,töG×ø]ÛŸÝklé4˜µ8%¾|þoîµþ·åD?cí[–�  %Æd•„‚αä˜|øðô/ ôúi÷é_ž~ì’Oû­ ¿ýÖyúñc·TP|]̪ä_°TQì+öq£h°Í~™znLÓ1ÁÓ‡Áût×9æ WŠÁMoIo5X<ñ ZÄiè&”ÙMË} YA\¢Žr!}N¿åÂ;yOÿ]{óæµöâͧ³¿½óºuª®9`‡T¹*i®iâqàGø5:8rÚ�Û t0µIàe­ã`Ún±+$Ï…~€ñ!ùðyò¤åúþËKŠwÀ¤òÄlþ-A�ÛK˜Ó“œXŸDþÍ1Õ×K´[ìZgšà G­n[B@Ä”X¬ ÈØ—¢)juî:ÝÛ«\Òñ#žT¼¿Ð›Ý|:�.éÖwwmèÌ•8•¢dïJ}Nµ �F �Æö—Æ,~i!9!·-þF®0Qÿ|9a_fØ£u[¸&Ò^£Û€‘…„øUP&°Iéͦ­ˆîŽ=&ÜâýüîõɘŠF•tRéË÷™&�¾0ñt*ÓÁ$¢š^ÒäÄÖûºÙRÊMV×?Jœé<Çaê†ngâÓ9 D I Ð’Ï�¼ðž„fVÌ�ã0y·m˜Ë™¸)ý9Á>)Ü»~Å|;{—_”Iècxñ‹¡[Gëz³°§×Þx1ƒ‡ôrV“”8â_rFxà¹[ø½[´Ñ—•‘øn“l°ðÂ¥O™ø €¡ÐB¹WûúzõîN¡L\NóÈ_²7Žžáéþ %ì-øí„IË»Ì'ÏŽ¢óx‚›Pzì&)m&dF³—ü®îïn~{°Ù1=ËW‰N7:isk¤ºŠé¹ Ð�Þ„G¦h ¸¢ô’«A×íܦ{ƒš@<˜\oÇ¢õ ký¶ô‡¶?§Sû·å”Óß––aøð³ïxJk+Ù¤DÖùö‘9~TfëÓáêó´ßZÏâL$‚Γ'�Ö‘9ðsâðÓë¤Ï–ô¹'}¦júÁZKœ¢z‰x-ÅÚHém¤Ðý| jPcìa`E¯¹EK�‰9u½!Dy×®ztºêQT’DŒ0a Ì•>�B„ë·� M�¦ßF¤Éa4qÃsœ'>yAüBa0? OIò-Ž®Ÿ¦Sþ.ÑSè¶m]³gtÆ…�e¯šRajÛ-®ø­N5›ÙVÐù–å·º·W0ÞQוPYxÃc±ô¤1SüÈCsù#˜%E:ÎÞOZ}_÷ˆ¯É \.FwÅ€…q%/]4|'§·)Œƒ“ Ì#e¢AÖ+‘%h¹Þ†�û!è˜LÇhD¬³�'�ŒnQ_$ÓÁ™Ó…†/#ÃXºsuaØÓ“[fAØ bкîêéåµGãì 8lu…û6‰æø¬ °c7.N¤À3÷Tönka–;„N‡EßüzûÖIÞíÐÍ­År>�X{•¦^çÉ•Ûy.Q|Ó7œ¡a› ÖºìË:EÈ©’OÊMÌ2 1>°�À-!æ­Ú •*òÖRMAì“'ðCt0¿ØŸ%ª¨¿�ï¬ÄÝÂ/}‚ ·[ßLõ,:gž¶Ýù¦ ÖœoÚé.%š®'?ÄÒÃGý3Ì^Ú`s€ôX«Ë=ÖßÕíÞ" 1Ÿï~v¡u\ïr‡—0r.�¶¢ymæ"øÞÂì²ä¡ÊjØ\F�ßNôh1çÍ<ÁÑ´Ñ1ØM`<&µwhø]LRo"é´�v—]¯CìÁ tˆªl ¢óâ�øÒ,í¬ȇÅÇ ?º«$}5HN”©Ož”Êw¹ÛBï¬,±ljŽ«ü5ÞÜ1gÇs}$Q \u{ÿõ¯6Œ~ÈbQ÷¿þ¦M—âîo“v&?wÆ™.bÓ'O2=»ÛH'ž óÚU:§³>½kÊãªMD$/ïð'ë¸øy‘ÍÃÓ‡ÿÿÿ¸±B³ú-

Events


The main difference between VRML 1.0 and VRML 2.0 is that every node can send and receive events. Yes, in VRML 2.0 you can have animated objects that react to users actions. Events output values depending on their data type.

In VRML 2.0 when some fields of a Node are changed after the world has been loaded an event is generated. You may have noticed that some fields in the syntax boxes, present in the tutorial for each node, where written in bold, well those fields are exposed fields, i.e. they can be set when the user is viewing the world.

An exposed field can be decomposed into the following three lines:

eventIn set_fieldName
field fieldName
eventOut fieldName_changed
where fieldName can be any exposed field, i.e. fields written in bold in the syntax boxes present in the tutorial for each node.

An exposed field declaration implies that the node is able to receive events, eventIn, and generate events, eventOut. eventIn in an exposed field is used to set the field's value. When the field's value is changed, the node in which the field is defined will generate the respective eventOut.

Besides exposed fields, nodes can have other eventIn or eventOut fields, however these fields are not present in the node's definition in a VRML file, i.e. you don't write them when defining the node.

Some nodes have fields eventIn defined for some fields but not eventOut. These fields are presented in the syntax boxes in italic. The eventIns defined are set_name, where name is the fields name for those fields in italics.

When an event occurs, the node which generated the event outputs a value or set of values of a given data type depending on the type of event. When one sends an event to a node, one is sending a value or set of values to that node. The node determines what the event should do with the value or values provided. In the VRML nodes, when a node receives an event it alters one field, the field specified by the event.

How do I send an event to a node and how do I catch an event generated by a node? There are two ways of doing this, using ROUTES and scripts.

The next question is: when are events generated, other than those which result in a field's value being changed? There are several possibilities:

  • Timers which generate events at regular intervals
  • Touch Sensors which generate events when the cursor is over objects within the same group as the sensor.
  • Visibility Sensors which generate events when shapes within the same group as the sensor are visible to the user.
  • Dragging Sensors which generate events when the user clicks the mouse and drags objects within the same group as the sensor.
  • Proximity Sensors which generate events when the user is within a predefined box.